Clumps grow to 2-3′ tall, but can reach 6′ in height when planted in moist or marginal aquatic areas. In its native range, ferns grow along woodland streams. Showy fronds typically turn yellow to brown in fall. Spores are located in brown, tassel-like clusters at the tips of the fronds.
Osmunda fiber is used in the potting of orchids and is made from the roots of these ferns.